01
01
膠輥精度差、膠輥位置調(diào)整不當及膠體太硬引起布墨不均
Poor cot accuracy, improper cot position adjustment and too hard gel cause uneven ink distribution
當膠輥軸頭磨損或膠輥與串墨鐵輥接觸不良時，都不能實現(xiàn)較均勻的布墨和傳墨。另外，著墨輥膠體過硬時，在版面布墨過程中容易打滑引起印刷杠痕及著墨不均的弊病，影響版面印刷質(zhì)量。
When the rubber roller shaft head is worn or the rubber roller and the iron roller are in poor contact, the more uniform ink distribution and transfer can not be realized. In addition, when the colloid of inking roller is too hard, it is easy to slip in the process of layout, causing the defects of printing bar mark and uneven inking, which affect the printing quality of layout.
02
02
墨斗鐵輥磨損失圓及鋼片邊沿呈曲線狀嚴重
The iron roller of the ink bucket is seriously worn out of round and the edge of the steel sheet is curved
輸墨量失調(diào)引起墨層不均。存有這些情況時，必須采取相應的修復措施，盡量使鐵輥保持較好的同心度并把鋼片邊沿修磨成直線狀，從而使墨斗上的油墨輥出墨量大小控制靈活，以免產(chǎn)生印品縱向里色不均。
The ink layer is uneven due to the imbalance of ink delivery. When these conditions exist, we must take corresponding repair measures to keep the iron roll as concentric as possible, and grind the edge of the steel sheet into a straight line, so that the ink output of the ink roll on the ink hopper can be controlled flexibly, so as to avoid uneven vertical color of the printing.
03
03
油墨黏度太大及墨層偏厚造成的墨色不均
Ink viscosity is too large and ink layer thickness caused by uneven ink
當墨斗鐵輥行程量調(diào)太小，而鋼片與鐵輥間隙則調(diào)太大，這時墨斗輥的油墨層厚，不易被均勻涂布，轉(zhuǎn)移到版面上經(jīng)壓印后，常會出現(xiàn)細鱗的斑點，這是由于紙張對油墨的吸附力小于油墨在印版上附著力所造成的結(jié)果。
When the stroke of the iron roller is adjusted too small, and the gap between the steel plate and the iron roller is adjusted too large, the ink layer of the ink roller is thick, and it is not easy to be evenly coated. After being transferred to the layout, fine scale spots often appear, which is the result of the paper's less ink adsorption than the ink's adhesion on the printing plate.
04
04
印刷壓力不均或版托欠堅實
The printing pressure is uneven or the plate holder is not solid
版面油墨層不能均勻地轉(zhuǎn)印到承印物上。當印刷壓力不均勻或不足時，版面上的油墨層就不能均勻或完整轉(zhuǎn)移到承印物上，使印品墨層濃淡不一或著墨不實。此外，凸印工藝若采用木底托印刷較大面積的圖版，由于底托易產(chǎn)生壓縮變形，堅實度又不足，這樣印品墨層往往也會產(chǎn)生不實和不均勻狀，成批產(chǎn)品也容易出現(xiàn)前后墨色濃淡不一現(xiàn)象。故凸印工藝宜采用金屬性版托粘版，以確保印刷質(zhì)量。
The ink layer of the layout cannot be transferred to the substrate evenly. When the printing pressure is uneven or insufficient, the ink layer on the layout can not be transferred to the substrate evenly or completely, resulting in uneven ink layer thickness or inking. In addition, if a large area of plate is printed with a wood base in the embossing process, the base is easy to produce compression deformation, and the firmness is insufficient, so that the ink layer of the printed products is often not solid and uniform, and the ink color of the batch products is easy to be different. Therefore, the embossing process should adopt the metal plate to support the adhesive plate, so as to ensure the printing quality.
05
05
印刷面積過大，設備結(jié)構(gòu)性能不相適應造成墨層不均狀
The printing area is too large, the structure and performance of the equipment are not suitable, resulting in uneven ink layer
印刷版面越大，墨層與印版的附著力就越強，這樣壓印時由于油墨與印版的附著力和紙張對油墨的吸附力之間的不平衡現(xiàn)象，難免在局部上產(chǎn)生，于是油墨層產(chǎn)生破裂，因而不能均勻完整地向紙面上轉(zhuǎn)移。所以，印刷大面積圖版產(chǎn)品，宜采用圓壓平結(jié)構(gòu)的一回轉(zhuǎn)平臺印刷機或圓壓圓型的輪轉(zhuǎn)印刷機印刷，使印刷墨色獲得均勻。
The larger the printing plate is, the stronger the adhesion between the ink layer and the printing plate is. In this way, due to the imbalance between the adhesion between the ink and the printing plate and the adsorption of the paper to the ink, it is inevitable that the ink layer will break up and cannot be transferred to the paper surface evenly and completely. Therefore, for printing large area plate products, it is better to use rotary platform printing machine with circular flattening structure or rotary printing machine with circular flattening type, so as to obtain even ink color.
06
06
串墨量行程不足引起墨色條狀濃淡不均勻現(xiàn)象
Insufficient stroke of inking volume leads to uneven striped ink color
印品縱向位產(chǎn)生墨層厚薄差異，也是圖版印刷中的常見情況。這是因為墨斗結(jié)構(gòu)上的缺陷，它不可能調(diào) 整成十分精確的縱向輸墨的均勻度，為此自動化印刷機上有的增設有幾組起串墨作用的鐵輥，且其串動行程大小可隨意作調(diào)節(jié)，當印刷受墨量大的產(chǎn)品時，串墨鐵輥的串動行程也應調(diào)大，以保證布墨的均勻。
The difference of ink layer thickness caused by the vertical position of printing is also a common situation in plate printing. This is because of the structural defects of the ink hopper, it is impossible to adjust it to a very accurate uniformity of the longitudinal ink feeding. Therefore, some automatic printing machines are equipped with several groups of iron rollers which play the role of ink stringing, and the stroke size of the iron rollers can be adjusted at will. When printing products with a large amount of ink, the stroke of the iron rollers should also be adjusted to ensure the uniformity of ink distribution.
07
07
印刷杠痕造成墨層濃淡不均現(xiàn)象
Uneven ink layer caused by printing mark
所謂印刷“杠痕”，也稱“回膠影”，俗叫“膠輥痕”。它也是圖版印刷過程中常見工藝弊病，即在印品橫向位置上 呈一條或多條墨色濃淡差異明顯的杠影痕跡，極大地影響了產(chǎn)品的美感度。造成印刷杠痕的原因是多方面的，有操作技術上的原因，也有工藝上的因素。
The so-called printing "bar mark", also known as "back glue shadow", commonly known as "cot mark". It is also a common process defect in the process of plate printing, that is, there are one or more stripes with obvious differences in ink color in the horizontal position of the printed product, which greatly affects the aesthetic feeling of the product. There are many reasons for printing bar marks, including technical reasons and technological factors.
如印版墊得不均或過高、印刷壓力偏重、著墨輥過硬易打滑或其高低調(diào)節(jié)不良、著墨輥使用支數(shù)不夠、布墨量不足或膠輥軸頭磨損間隙等，都是印刷杠痕之源。
Such as uneven or too high plate pad, heavy printing pressure, too hard roller easy to slip or poor height adjustment, insufficient number of inking roller, insufficient ink amount or roller head wear clearance, etc., are the sources of printing marks.
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