印刷資料的管理
Management of Printed Materials
改良企業原資料的管理，到達合理的存貨控制和率的分配應用，堅持存儲和工作區域潔凈有序，保證一切容器貼上恰當的標簽；在托付前認真檢驗資料，如發現資料不合請求立即退給供給商；精確記載原資料用量，以便能丈量每次的減少量；在每個容器上標上購置日期，并且采取“先購進的先用”這一戰略，避免舊的資料沒被用完時，新的就被翻開了；施行定期檢查和維護，階段性地檢查容器和設備的走漏狀況；堅持一切容器密封，以避免蒸發，溢出，或物料的枯燥；保存廢液，使別離后重新應用，或送往回收部門；維護沒有危害的資料，使不受污染；過時的資料可與當地一些仍有運用需求的部門協商互助。
Improve the management of enterprise's original data, achieve reasonable inventory control and efficient distribution and application, adhere to the clean and orderly storage and working area, ensure that all containers are properly labeled, carefully check the data before consignment, and return it to the supplier immediately if it is found that the data is not in conformity with the request, accurately record the amount of original data, so as to enable it to Measure each reduction; mark the purchase date on each container and adopt the strategy of "buy first, use first" to avoid the old information being used up and the new one being opened; carry out regular inspection and maintenance, periodically check the leakage of containers and equipment; insist on all container sealing to avoid steamination. Release, spill, or material dryness; preserve waste liquids for reuse after separation, or send them to the recycling department; maintain harmless information so as not to be polluted; outdated information can be consulted and mutually assisted with some local departments still in need of utilization.
印前設計和圖文處置
Prepress Design and Graphics Disposal
在裝潢設計和創意時，盡量應用承印資料自身的顏色、紋理和色澤，防止過度印刷；在滿足裝潢請求的狀況下盡量減少燙印、覆膜等工藝的運用，并盡量減少包裝資料。
In decoration design and creativity, we should try our best to apply the color, texture and color of the printing material itself to prevent over-printing, and minimize the use of hot stamping, film coating and other processes under the condition of meeting decoration requirements, and minimize packaging materials.
應用計算機直接制版技術，經過電腦將RIP后的圖文信息直接輸出到印版上，去掉中間環節的膠片，減少制版中膠片輸出、顯影、定影和曬版等步驟，能夠大大減少含銀、對苯二酚等對人體和環境危害較大的廢液的排放，以及紫外光對人體的傷害。
The application of computer direct plate making technology can greatly reduce the discharge of waste liquid containing silver, hydroquinone and other harmful to human body and environment, as well as violet, by directly exporting RIP graphic and text information to the plate, removing the intermediate links of film and reducing the steps of film output, development, fixing and printing in plate making. External light is harmful to human body.
減少廢棄物
reduce waste
要想使損失減到小，有效的方式就是防止在時間里產生廢料。減少廢棄物可協助企業減少停業本錢、維持環境質量、減少廢料處置費用、改良工作場所的衛生和平安，減少長期義務、展現企業的良好形象。
To minimize the loss, the effective way is to prevent waste from being produced in the first time. Reducing waste can help enterprises reduce the cost of shutdown, maintain environmental quality, reduce waste disposal costs, improve the health and safety of the workplace, reduce long-term obligations, and show a good image of the enterprise.
在施行減廢的方案前，印刷企業的管理部門應樹立相應的機制，增強減廢的管理和指導。做到盡可能運用無污染或低污染的工業消費技術，改良印刷辦法、工藝流程，改動原資料及印品構造，以防止廢棄物產生，到達終減少污染的目的。
Before implementing the waste reduction plan, the management departments of printing enterprises should set up corresponding mechanisms to strengthen the management and guidance of waste reduction. We should make the best use of non-polluting or low-polluting industrial consumption technology, improve printing methods, process flow, and change the original materials and printing structure to prevent waste production and ultimately reduce pollution.
減少主要廢棄物
Reduction of major waste
廢料的產生是不可防止的，但能夠經過有效途徑減少廢料的數量以及所產生的污染，油墨、清洗劑、抹布這幾種廢料含有大量的有機溶劑，不只污染環境，還會危害人體安康，因而對這3種難處置的廢棄物要慎重看待。
The generation of waste is inevitable, but it can reduce the quantity and pollution of waste through effective ways. Ink, detergent and rag contain a lot of organic solvents, which not only pollute the environment, but also endanger human health. Therefore, we should take these three kinds of hard-to-dispose waste seriously.
（1）油墨。運用能減少污染和節約能源的油墨，為了減少有機溶劑的揮發，采用不含溶劑或溶劑含量低的油墨，如在平版膠印中用大豆油墨交換溶劑型油墨，在凹板印刷和柔性版印刷中則運用水性油墨。另外，如UV固化油墨、電子束固化油墨等。
(1) Ink. In order to reduce the volatilization of organic solvents, the use of ink without solvent or with low solvent content, such as soybean ink in lithographic offset printing, water-based ink in gravure printing and flexographic printing, can reduce pollution and save energy. In addition, such as UV curing ink, electron beam curing ink, etc.
（2）抹布。反復運用抹布，即用齷齪的抹布作為次擦洗，然后再運用潔凈的抹布作為第二次擦洗，盡可能運用可回收的抹布而不是一次性的抹布。假如采用一次性擦洗，在處置之前要盡可能地別離出清洗劑，采用絞或離心過濾。運用后的抹布和失效的清洗劑應分開放在密封的容器里。
(2) rags. Repeated use of rags, that is, dirty rags as the first scrub, and then clean rags as the second scrub, as far as possible use recyclable rags rather than disposable rags. If one-time scrubbing is used, the cleaning agent should be separated as far as possible before disposal, and the filter should be twisted or centrifuged. The used cloth and the invalid cleaning agent should be separately placed in sealed containers.
（3）清洗劑。用毒性低的油墨清洗劑替代汽油等溶劑，運用油墨清洗劑只為清洗油墨和油，其他清潔工作，則可運用肥皂或洗濯劑。用擠壓式或噴霧式等啟齒較小的瓶子做容器，以限制抹布中的清洗劑量，由于少量的清洗劑就能夠擦掉很多油墨。運用自動清洗設備時，在膠輥下面放置盤子來搜集廢清洗劑和油墨。
(3) Cleaning agent. Use low toxicity ink detergent instead of gasoline and other solvents. Use ink detergent only to clean ink and oil. For other cleaning work, soap or detergent can be used. Containers with smaller openings such as extruded or sprayed containers are used to limit the cleaning dose in the dishcloth, and a lot of ink can be erased because of a small amount of detergent. When using automatic cleaning equipment, a plate is placed under the cots to collect waste cleaning agent and ink.
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