In China's printing industry, the packaging and printing industry, known as "urban industry", is one of the most promising industries in recent years, with a sustained growth rate of 10-12%. However, after a careful analysis of the current situation of China's packaging and printing industry, we find that there are still some problems to be solved, which have become the bottleneck hindering the healthy development of China's packaging and printing industry.

　　更多的小型企業(yè)

　　More small businesses

　　因為包裝印刷行業(yè)的投資規(guī)模相對較小,吸收勞動力的能力相對比較強,和對環(huán)境的破壞程度相對較低,所以深受許多地方政府,政策偏好和支持促進行業(yè)的發(fā)展。但從布局上看，包裝印刷企業(yè)相對分散，不利于印刷行業(yè)的日常監(jiān)管。從企業(yè)規(guī)模來看，沿海等發(fā)達地區(qū)的包裝印刷企業(yè)規(guī)模較大，而內(nèi)陸地區(qū)的包裝印刷企業(yè)規(guī)模相對較小。從企業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)上看，只有少數(shù)企業(yè)有充足的貨源，而大多數(shù)企業(yè)都是供不應(yīng)求。由于包裝印刷企業(yè)規(guī)模較小，存在層次低、重復施工等現(xiàn)象，很多企業(yè)沒有自己的特點，高科技在這些包裝印刷企業(yè)中的使用比例仍然很低。

　　Because the investment scale of packaging printing industry is relatively small, the ability to absorb labor is relatively strong, and the degree of environmental damage is relatively low, it is deeply favored and supported by many local governments and policies to promote the development of the industry. However, in terms of layout, the packaging and printing enterprises are relatively scattered, which is not conducive to the daily supervision of the printing industry. From the perspective of enterprise scale, the scale of packaging and printing enterprises in developed areas such as coastal areas is large, while that in inland areas is relatively small. From the perspective of enterprise structure, only a few enterprises have sufficient supply, while most enterprises are in short supply. Due to the small scale, low level and repeated construction of packaging and printing enterprises, many enterprises do not have their own characteristics, and the proportion of high-tech used in these packaging and printing enterprises is still very low.

　　勞動效率低

　　Low labor efficiency

　　包裝印刷具有增加商品附加值、提高產(chǎn)品檔次、促進消費的功能和作用。但與發(fā)達相比，我國包裝印刷行業(yè)的總產(chǎn)值仍然很低。數(shù)據(jù)顯示，目前印刷業(yè)總產(chǎn)值僅占世界印刷業(yè)總產(chǎn)值的4%左右，僅占全國GDP的2.5%。包裝印刷行業(yè)的勞動效率也很低，甚不到發(fā)達的十分之一。誠然，勞動效率低下是由多種因素決定的，一方面取決于企業(yè)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和改造，另一方面取決于員工素質(zhì)的提高。但從包裝印刷行業(yè)的實際情況來看，這需要一個相對較長的過程。

　　Packaging printing has the function of increasing the added value of goods, improving the grade of products and promoting consumption. However, compared with developed countries, the total output value of China's packaging and printing industry is still very low. Data shows that at present, the total output value of China's printing industry only accounts for about 4% of the world's total output value of printing industry, only accounting for 2.5% of the national GDP. The labor efficiency of China's packaging and printing industry is also very low, even less than one tenth of that of developed countries. It is true that the low efficiency of labor is determined by many factors. On the one hand, it depends on the technological innovation and transformation of enterprises, on the other hand, it depends on the overall improvement of the quality of employees. However, from the actual situation of China's packaging and printing industry, it needs a relatively long process.

　　區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡

　　Unbalanced regional development

　　包裝印刷業(yè)的發(fā)展離不開區(qū)域經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，而區(qū)域經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展是由包裝印刷業(yè)的特點決定的。值得注意的是，國民經(jīng)濟的區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡，直接導致了我國包裝印刷企業(yè)分布不均。如東部沿海地區(qū)、長三角地區(qū)、珠三角地區(qū)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展較快，包裝印刷行業(yè)較為發(fā)達，而西部內(nèi)陸地區(qū)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展相對落后，包裝印刷行業(yè)相對落后。據(jù)印刷設(shè)備行業(yè)協(xié)會統(tǒng)計，廣東、福建、浙江、上海、江蘇等地的包裝印刷總產(chǎn)值占包裝印刷總產(chǎn)值的一半以上。而陜西、甘肅、寧夏、青海、內(nèi)蒙古、新疆等西北地區(qū)的包裝印刷總產(chǎn)值僅占全國的5%左右。這種現(xiàn)狀，一是造成印刷資源的浪費;二是企業(yè)競爭力不夠;第三，阻礙了包裝印刷企業(yè)的發(fā)展。

　　The development of packaging and printing industry is inseparable from the development of regional economy, which is determined by the characteristics of packaging and printing industry. It is worth noting that the unbalanced regional development of national economy directly leads to the uneven distribution of China's packaging and printing enterprises. For example, the eastern coastal areas, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta have a rapid economic development, and the packaging and printing industry is relatively developed, while the economic development of the western inland areas is relatively backward, and the packaging and printing industry is relatively backward. According to the statistics of China Printing Equipment Industry Association, the total output value of packaging printing in Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu and other places accounts for more than half of the total output value of packaging printing in China. However, the total output value of packaging and printing in Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and other northwest regions only accounts for about 5% of the whole country. This situation, first, causes the waste of printing resources; second, the lack of competitiveness of enterprises; third, hinders the development of packaging and printing enterprises.

　　裝置極化

　　Device polarization

　　目前，我國包裝印刷行業(yè)設(shè)備水平參差不齊，明顯形成了“兩極分化”:即市場上有各種高速、、世界的進口印刷機，也有各種低技術(shù)、低質(zhì)量的印刷設(shè)備。特別是大多數(shù)中小型包裝印刷企業(yè)，由于資金缺乏，大多使用中低檔印刷設(shè)備。許多包裝印刷企業(yè)購買二手進口印刷設(shè)備，而許多小型企業(yè)使用老式印刷機。印后工藝生產(chǎn)設(shè)備也相對落后，部分印刷設(shè)備幾乎老化。與這些中小企業(yè)相比，一些大型包裝印刷企業(yè)的設(shè)備較為，其設(shè)備功能齊全，自動化程度高，性能穩(wěn)定，能夠印刷各種包裝印刷產(chǎn)品。這一弱一強的現(xiàn)狀，表明我國包裝印刷行業(yè)整體實力不足。因此，面對未來，行業(yè)應(yīng)以科學發(fā)展的精神，努力這四個問題，促進我國包裝印刷行業(yè)的健康發(fā)展。

　　At present, the level of equipment in China's packaging and printing industry is uneven, which has obviously formed a "polarization": that is, there are all kinds of high-speed, high-end, world leading imported printing machines in the market, as well as all kinds of low-tech, low-quality printing equipment. In particular, most small and medium-sized packaging printing enterprises, due to lack of funds, mostly use low-grade printing equipment. Many packaging and printing enterprises buy second-hand imported printing equipment, while many small enterprises use old-fashioned printing machines. Post press technology production equipment is relatively backward, some of the printing equipment is almost aging. Compared with these small and medium-sized enterprises, some large-scale packaging and printing enterprises have advanced equipment, which has complete functions, high degree of automation, stable performance and can print various high-end packaging and printing products. This weak and strong situation shows that the overall strength of China's packaging and printing industry is insufficient. Therefore, facing the future, the industry should strive to solve these four problems in the spirit of scientific development, and promote the healthy development of China's packaging and printing industry.

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