一、留意察看樣張
I. Watch out for sample sheets
①印刷中抽樣檢查。進入正式印刷后不久，在開印時肯定的供墨量、上水量幾會有些變化，應頻繁抽樣檢查，停止再調整。在印刷速度堅持不變，供墨量和上水量等都處于穩定的狀態時，按每印500~1000張/次的比例停止抽樣檢查。
Sampling inspection in printing. Shortly after entering the formal printing, there will be some changes in the affirmative ink supply and water supply at the time of printing. Sampling inspection should be carried out frequently and readjustment should be stopped. When the printing speed remains unchanged and the ink supply and water supply are stable, the sampling inspection shall be stopped at the ratio of 500 to 1000 sheets per printing.
?、趭A入警示紙條。正式印刷中，關于發作毛病的，作為一種記號，應夾入細長的警示紙條，以便當于在后工序中停止檢查。
(2) Insert warning note. In formal printing, as a mark, a long warning note should be inserted into the center of the breakdown so that the inspection can be stopped in the later process.
二、留意上水的變化
2. Pay attention to the change of water supply
?、倭粢庹接∷⒊跗谏纤淖兓?。試印時的上水量和進入正式印刷后的上水量，幾都會有些變化，一定要一邊留意察看樣張有無重影、水扛子，一邊留意調解印版的給水量。
(1) Pay attention to the change of water supply in the initial stage of formal printing. There will be some changes in the amount of water used in the trial printing and the amount of water used after entering the formal printing. We must pay attention to the duplication of sample sheets and water carriers, as well as the adjustment of the amount of water supplied to the printing plate.
?、诹粢庹接∷⑦^程中上水的變化。要親密留意機器主體發熱和車間內的通風情況給上水帶來的影響，酒精潤版要留意潤濕系統冷卻安裝，控制好潤濕液的溫度，上水過少，會使印版起臟；上水過多將惹起油墨乳化，會帶來一系列問題。比方印品無光澤，紙張伸縮而套印不準，延緩油墨的枯燥等。
(2) Pay attention to the change of water supply in the process of formal printing. Alcohol wetting plate should pay close attention to the cooling installation of wetting system, control the temperature of wetting liquid, too little water will make the printing plate dirty; too much water will cause ink emulsification, which will bring a series of problems. For example, the gloss of printing products, paper flexibility and improper overprinting, delay the dryness of ink, etc.
三、留意油墨的變化
3. Pay attention to the change of ink
?、倭粢饽返挠湍?。墨斗的油墨從墨斗輥和墨斗刮刀之間的縫隙傳出，是由油墨的自重而自然被擠壓出來的。因而，墨斗中油墨量的幾，直接影響油墨的輸出量。所以，要留意讓墨斗中堅持一定量的油墨。另外，印刷油墨具有觸變性質。放置在墨斗中較久，活動性會逐步變差，因此，要經常用墨刀在墨斗中攪拌，或者裝置油墨攪拌器。
Watch out for the ink in the ink bucket. Ink from the bucket roll and the bucket scraper gap between the ink, is the weight of the ink and is naturally squeezed out. Therefore, the amount of ink in ink bucket directly affects the output of ink. Therefore, we should pay attention to letting ink bucket adhere to a certain amount of ink. In addition, printing ink has thixotropic properties. If placed in the ink bucket for a long time, the activity will gradually deteriorate. Therefore, the ink knife should be often used to stir in the ink bucket, or the ink mixer should be installed.
?、诒苊庥湍跈C器上枯燥。長時間停機如吃飯、休息時，墨輥上的油墨和墨斗中的油墨外表就會枯燥。可運用枯燥抑止劑噴在需求避免枯燥處。
(2) Avoid the dullness of the ink on the machine. When the machine stops for a long time, such as eating and resting, the ink on the roller and the ink in the ink bucket will be dull. It can be sprayed with a dull inhibitor to avoid the dull place where the demand is.
?、哿粢庥湍骄?，印刷品的密度視上水量、室溫、機器速度不同而發作變化。應經常與規范樣張停止比照檢查。留意避免呈現墨色不平均現象。
(3) Pay attention to the average ink, the density of printed matter varies depending on the amount of water, room temperature and machine speed. It should be checked regularly with the standard sample. Be careful to avoid ink inequality.
④堅持潤濕液的pH值，油墨中添加了輔助劑后，容易影響潤濕液的pH值，如pH值增大則易形成印版起臟，因而要特別留意。
(4) Adhere to the pH value of the wetting solution. When the auxiliary agent is added to the ink, it will easily affect the pH value of the wetting solution. If the pH value increases, the printing plate will become dirty, so special attention should be paid to it.
四、留意反面蹭臟
4. Pay attention to the dirty rubbing on the opposite side
反面蹭臟是由于油墨枯燥遲緩、圖文墨層過厚、紙張平滑度高等緣由，使印張外表的油墨粘到上一張印張的反面的現象。
The reason why the ink is dull and slow, the ink layer is too thick and the paper is smooth is that the ink on the surface of the printed sheet sticks to the reverse of the previous one.
五、留意重影毛病
5. Pay attention to the problem of duplication
所謂重影就是用一塊印版印出的圖像錯移，在印張上可以看到雙重、三重的圖影。重影的緣由有多種，比方紙張、叼牙、滾筒、橡皮布、印速、油墨黏度等各種要素十分復雜。能夠采用下述辦法來檢查緣由并處置。
The so-called duplication is to use a plate to print the image offset, in the printing can see double, triple images. There are many reasons for duplication, such as paper, teeth, drum, rubber cloth, printing speed, ink viscosity and other factors are very complex. The following methods can be used to examine the cause and dispose of it.
?、儆∷纱危炜刺子【?，對側規拉紙力，進紙、壓紙輪、壓紙機件停止檢查調理。
(1) Printing twice to check the accuracy of overprint, drawing force of opposite gauge, check and adjust feeding, pressing wheel and pressing machine parts.
?、跈z查橡皮布的張力，新的橡皮布容易松弛，留意分次收緊，但也不可過于繃緊。
Check the tension of rubber cloth, new rubber cloth is easy to relax, pay attention to tightening step by step, but not too tight.
?、蹤z查滾筒包襯和印刷壓力。
Check drum liner and printing pressure.
?、懿榭醇垙堖m性。紙張適性不良，特別是在叼口部位起波浪的紙張，容易發作重影，故要停止檢查。
(4) Check the paper suitability. Paper with poor adaptability, especially the paper with wavy mouth, is prone to heavy shadow, so check should be stopped.
?、萁档陀湍酿ざ取Ｓ湍ざ雀撸垙埐荒茼樌麆冸x橡皮布，使紙張的拖梢局部不穩定，從而產生重影。能夠恰當降低油墨的黏度。
Reduce the viscosity of ink. Ink viscosity is high, paper can't peel off rubber cloth smoothly, so that the paper's trailing part is unstable, resulting in ghosting. It can reduce the viscosity of ink properly.
⑥叼牙的調理。叼牙的調理不良和頤養不當，是形成重影的一大緣由。因而應定期做好叼牙的調理和維護檢查，使之經常堅持良好的工作狀態。
The adjustment of teeth. Poor adjustment and improper maintenance of teeth are the main reasons for the formation of double shadow. Therefore, we should regularly do a good job in the regulation and maintenance of teeth, so that they often adhere to good working conditions.
六、留意檢查套印狀況
6. Pay attention to checking the overprint status
連續取出20~30張印品，闖齊后將紙邊捻開一點，檢查前規和側規能否定位精確（能夠停止兩次套印檢查）。
Continuously take out 20 to 30 sheets of prints, after finishing, twist the edge of the paper a little, check whether the front gauge and side gauge can be positioned accurately (can stop two overprinting checks).
七、留意其他工作
7. Pay attention to other work
①油墨的補充、攪拌和潤濕液的補充。
(1) Ink supplementation, stirring and wetting fluid supplementation.
②除臟作業。因油墨的皮渣、紙粉、紙毛等贓物吸附在印版或橡皮布上，并反映在紙張上，有必要停止除臟。除臟作業普通應停機停止。除非有能在運轉時除臟的安裝。制止用手在運轉時直接除臟。
(2) Dirty removal. It is necessary to stop dirty removal because the ink residue, paper powder, paper wool and other stolen goods are adsorbed on the printing plate or rubber cloth and reflected on the paper. Dirty removal operations should generally be stopped. Unless there are installations that can remove dirt during operation. It is absolutely forbidden to use hands to remove dirt directly during operation.
?、矍逑聪鹌げ?、擦版和涂膠作業。當橡皮布上堆積油墨、紙粉、噴粉粉末而影響油墨的轉移時，必需停機清洗橡皮布，操作時要留意平安。擦版和涂膠作業也應留意平安。
3. Cleaning rubber cloth, erasing and gluing operations. When ink, paper powder and spray powder accumulate on rubber cloth and affect the transfer of ink, it is necessary to stop the machine to clean rubber cloth, and pay attention to safety during operation. Rubbing and gluing operations should also pay attention to safety.
?、芰粢庥∷C的異?，F象。留意機器運轉時的聲音、熱度、振動、氣息等，經常查看電流表，留意印刷機的異常狀況。
Pay attention to abnormal phenomena of printing press. Pay attention to the sound, heat, vibration and breath when the machine is running. Check the ammeter frequently and pay attention to the abnormal condition of the printing press.
八、留意確認印數
8. Be careful to confirm the print
印刷將完畢時，應確認印數能否與消費施工單相符。有缺數需補印的應通知消費管理人員，及時布置補印。
When printing will be finished, it should be confirmed whether the printing number is in line with the consumption construction list. Consumption management personnel should be notified if there is a shortage to be reprinted, and the reprinting should be arranged in time.
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